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Catnip (Nepeta cataria) is a perennial herb in the mint family best known for its dramatic effect on cats (approximately 50% of cats respond to nepetalactone, the compound that produces the euphoric 'catnip response'), but it's also a useful culinary and medicinal herb for humans. The mild, minty-lemony leaves make a pleasant herbal tea traditionally used for relaxation and digestive complaints. Growing vigorously in zones 3–9, catnip reaches 2–3 feet tall with heart-shaped, grey-green leaves and small white-lavender flower spikes. It's a tough, drought-tolerant perennial that thrives in poor soils and spreads readily — ideal for filling difficult dry spots. An excellent companion plant that repels aphids, beetles, and squash bugs, providing practical pest management benefits beyond its novelty value.
Plant catnip in full sun to partial shade in average, well-drained soil. It's a vigorous grower and spreads by both rhizomes and prolific self-seeding — consider planting in a container to control spread. Water during establishment, then catnip is very drought-tolerant. Cut plants back to 3–4 inches after the first flush of bloom to encourage a second flowering and prevent excessive self-seeding. Divide clumps every 3 years in spring to rejuvenate. Harvest leaves and stems just as flowers begin to open for maximum nepetalactone content (for cat toys) or for herbal tea. Dry quickly in small bunches in a warm, dark location. Grow cats may destroy young plants — protect with wire cloches until established. As a companion plant, catnip repels aphids, flea beetles, and Japanese beetles effectively when planted in the vegetable garden.
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